The Cointegration Relationship Between Money Supply, Exchange Rate and Economic Growth In Iraq (2004-2020)

Authors

  • Hayel Alserhan Al al-Bayt University
  • Omar Al-Adamat وزارة التربية والتعليم
  • Abdullah Al-Adamat Al al-Bayt University
  • Mohammed Magableh Zarqa University
  • Mohammad Alserhan Zarqa University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59759/business.v5i3.1980

Keywords:

Workload; Burnout; Digital Fatigue; Technostress; Job Demands–Resources Model; Conservation of Resources Theory; Higher Education; University Employees; Jordan

Abstract

Objectives: The phenomenon of employee burnout is increasingly common as universities cope with ever-increasing traditional demands in conjunction with unprecedented digital transformation. This cross-sectional quantitative study explores the extent to which workload predicts burnout among university employees in Jordan while also exploring digital fatigue as a moderating variable within the workload and burnout relationship.

Methods: The study adopted a quantitative approach utilizing a cross-sectional survey to examine the relationships between workload, digital fatigue, and burnout. Data were gathered from 300 employees across three universities in Jordan, and the hypotheses were tested using SPSS and the PROCESS macro to assess the moderating role of digital fatigue.

Results: We found significant relationships between workload and employee burnout levels. Using correlation analysis and hierarchical regression, we found that employee workloads are positively correlated with employee burnout levels, as anticipated by Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory. Furthermore, we found that digital fatigue significantly exacerbates the impact of workload on employee burnout, suggesting that as an employee’s digital fatigue increases, so does their likelihood of experiencing some strain from working under a highly demanding workload.

Conclusions:  Results from this research point toward the value of providing an opportunity for establishing Digital Wellness Programs as a means for providing workforce employees with an opportunity for establishing and sustaining professional boundaries. Finally, our research suggests implications for improving the efficiency and productivity of online and digitally literate workforces while reducing employee burnout.

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Published

2026-09-30

How to Cite

Alserhan , H., Al-Adamat, O., Al-Adamat, A., Magableh , M., & Alserhan , M. (2026). The Cointegration Relationship Between Money Supply, Exchange Rate and Economic Growth In Iraq (2004-2020). Business Series, 5(3), 667–693. https://doi.org/10.59759/business.v5i3.1980

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