The Position of Group Judge in Al-Andalus: The Establishment, Development and the Judicial Duties in the Umayyad Era *

Abstract

 Abstract

A group judge considers as on of the most prominent judicial positions in Al andalus, that appeared and improved during Amaui era, due to the impostance and effect of this position in regulating social and ligetimate life, this judge was responsible for justice implementation in different issues, include religious and social, the termonology, group judge, has been improved notably within hegri third century, ninth centary, naming related to the political and social  movements that andalus witnissed, at that era, therefore this study comes over to view the establishment and development of group judge in Al Andalus, this study uses hestorical discriptive analytical methodology to achive its goals.

Key words: group judge, Al Andalus. judge, amawi state, justice