Arts and Social Sciences Series

The Reality of Investigative Journalism in the Faculties of Mass Communication in Jordanian Universities.

marcelle jwaniat — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify the reality of investigative journalism in the faculties of media in Jordanian universities, the extent of the students' interest in investigative journalism among the students of the Department of Journalism and Digital Media in Jordanian universities, the cognitive, emotional and behavioral attitudes of students towards investigative journalism, and the academic reasons that affect the inclusion of in-depth investigative journalism courses in the study plans from the point of view of media professors.

Methodology: This study falls under the category of descriptive research and relied on the quantitative approach. The study population consisted of two categories: the first being media students (526 individuals) and the second being media professors (52 individuals) in the following Jordanian universities: (Yarmouk University, Zarqa University, Middle East University, Jadara University, Arab Open University, Petra University, Applied Science University, Aqaba University of Technology). Two separate questionnaires were used for both categories to suit the nature of the target sample.

Results: It was found that the interest of the students of the departments of journalism and digital media in Jordanian universities in investigative journalism came to a high degree, with an arithmetic average of 2.62, and that the negative cognitive, emotional and behavioral attitudes of the students of the Department of Journalism and Digital Media in Jordanian universities towards Jordanian investigative journalism came to a high degree, respectively, with a total arithmetic average for each direction (2.46 / 2.51 / 2.50) and that the most important academic reasons affecting the inclusion of investigative journalism courses in The study plans of the faculties of mass communication in Jordanian universities are represented by the existence of obstacles related to the freedom of investigative journalism from the point of view of media professors.

Conclusion: The need to promote investigative journalism courses in media study plans in Jordanian universities, and the need to qualify and train students of media faculties in Jordanian universities through holding specialized workshops and training courses in investigative journalism.

Keywords: Investigative Journalism, Media Faculties, Jordanian Universities

The Impact of Madaba's Inclusion in the UNISCO Creative Cities Network on Mosaic Craft and its Tourism Marketing

ahmad amaireh — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of Madaba’s inclusion in the UNESCO Creative Cities Network, under the category of Mosaic Craft, on the dissemination of this craft within the city and the enhancement of its tourism marketing. To achieve this, an appropriate sample of workers in mosaic workshops in Madaba Governorate was selected, and a questionnaire was used as the primary data collection tool. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed, of which 62 valid responses were retrieved, representing. The data were analyzed using simple statistical methods, including frequencies, arithmetic means, percentages, and standard deviation.

The results showed that Madaba’s inclusion in the Creative Cities Network has significantly contributed to the dissemination of mosaic craft and its promotion as a tourism attraction.

God in Contemporary Thought: The Question of Origin - A Cosmological Approach

rami naffaa — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The findings of contemporary science, particularly in the field of cosmology, represent a new frontier for investigating the existence of a Creator. Consequently, this study draws upon scientific theories and positions across multiple disciplines—notably physics and optics—specifically within the context of cosmic chronology and cosmogony. It examines the implications of these findings as they pertain to the postulation of a First Cause or Creator.

Economic Life in Taif during the Hashemite Era (1916-1924)

Nedaa Altaweel, Ibrahim F. Al-Shraah — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study aims to investigate the economic structure of Taif during the Hashemite era by examining its principal productive sectors, including agriculture, pastoralism, traditional crafts, and trade. The study highlights the significant influence of Taif’s natural environment—its fertile soil, abundant water sources, and moderate climate—on the formation of its economic identity, which positioned the city as a major agricultural hub supplying essential food products to the Hejaz region.

The study further explores the role of pastoral activities and traditional industries in supporting the local economy through the provision of livestock products and handcrafted goods. In addition, it analyzes the commercial networks that connected Taif with neighboring cities through established caravan routes, contributing to the stimulation of regional trade.

The findings indicate that the Hashemite administration adopted economic policies aimed at enhancing local production, developing agricultural infrastructure, regulating markets, and promoting self-sufficiency. The study concludes that Taif succeeded in building a balanced and resilient economic system that combined traditional practices with early modernization efforts, representing an important example of economic transformation in the early twentieth-century Hejaz.

From Mandate to Independance: Syria's Shifting perspective on Arab unity 1920-1946

Faisal Alrefai — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract

Objectives: This article examines Syrian perspectives toward Arab unity plans from the inception of the French Mandate in 1921 until Syria’s independence in 1947. It analyzes the stance of the French Mandate authorities regarding various proposals for Arab unity and explores the impact of World War II on the region. This study evaluates two major unification projects that emerged following independence: the Greater Syria Plan and the framework of the Arab League.

Methods : This research combines archival research with historical and comparative analysis. This approach not only clarifies Syria's pivotal role but also engages with broader historiographical debates on nationalism and post-colonial sovereignty in the Middle East.

Results : Findings reveals that Syrian engagement with Arab unity was fundamentally shaped by its colonial experience and the geopolitical turmoil of World War II. It finds that Syrian elites consistently prioritized republican sovereignty and national independence over pan-Arab ideological commitments.

Conclusions : This article concludes that the Syrian case illustrates a central paradox of the post-Ottoman order: the colonial division of the Levant simultaneously ignited the dream of Arab unity while creating the structural and political barriers that made its realization impossible. Syria’s pivotal role, as both an object of unification schemes and an architect of the Arab state system, was decisive in shaping the modern Middle East.

Keywords : Syria, Greater Syria, Arab League, Abdullah, Unity, Mandate, Independence

The Multiplicity and Variation of Women’s Names in the Diwan of Al-Muthaqeb Al-Abdi: A Descriptive and Analytical Study

Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study aims to trace the names of women that appear in the opening lines of the poems of Al-Muthaqqaf Al-Abdi to analyze and understand them within the overall context of the poem. It does not approach them through the rigid lens of organic unity as a fixed model, nor through external projections imposed upon the text, but rather through a search for the deeper meaning the poet himself unfolds.

To fulfill its aim, the study adopts a descriptive-analytical method. Its findings reveal the poet’s distinctive tendency to employ a multiplicity of women’s names at the beginnings of his poems. These names carry layered connotations and diverse semantic possibilities. At times, they have been interpreted as referring to the poet’s beloveds or wives; yet this remains only one possible reading among many. Supporting the rejection of their literal reference to real women is their multiplicity and variation, as well as the poet’s lack of devotion to a single named beloved throughout his poetry. Indeed, he neither singled out one woman as the exclusive object of longing or passion, nor is there reliable evidence from his life to suggest enduring attachment to a single beloved or clear accounts of his marriages.

Accordingly, the study calls for a reconsideration of these women’s names, urging that they be understood in light of their symbolic resonance within their poetic context and in relation to the general meaning of the poems that the poet seeks to convey

Keywords: Al-Muthaqqib al-Abdi, Diwan of Al-Muthaqqib, women’s names, pre-Islamic poetry.

الاقطاع الإقطاع العسكري في العراق في العصور العباسية المتأخرة(555-656ه/1160-1258م)

Fathy Shawawreh , Elian A. M. Al-Jaloudi — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract:

Most studies on the economic life in Iraq during the late Abbasid period conclude that the military feudalism implemented then was an extension of the military feudalism known in Iraq during the Buyid and Seljuk periods. A careful reading of the limited primary sources reveals varied applications during these later periods, some extending from the Seljuk era and others closely tied to the conditions of the caliphate, influenced by contemporary systems in the Levant and northern Iraq. This study aims to uncover developments in military institutions, land ownership, and taxation, particularly focusing on military feudalism during the late Abbasid era (555-656 AH / 1160-1258 AD).

Keywords: Abbasid Caliphate, feudalism, Seljuks, money.

The News Processing of Al-Aqsa Flood on Arabic News Websites: A Comparative Analytical Study of Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya Websites

Ali Nejadat, Esraa A. Abu Shhadeh — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract: The study aimed to monitor and analyze how the website of Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya channels deals with the events of the Al Aqsa flood, by identifying the topics covered by the two sites, and relied on the content analysis approach, using the analysis form as a tool to obtain information,The study found that the Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya websites are interested in military and security topics and issues in the first place, by (41.8%) and (48.5%) of each, respectively, compared to the rest of the various topics and issues of the Al Aqsa flood. The results also showed that the Gaza area ranked first among the geographical areas included in the topics that dealt with the events of the Al-Aqsa flood, with a percentage of (86.7%) in the location of Al-Jazeera, and (30.2%) in the location of Al-Arabiya. The study recommends the need to pay attention to the explanatory and analytical coverage of the issues of wars and conflicts, as well as the need to give the scope of the West Bank, east Jerusalem and the territories (48) more attention as no less violated and besieged areas.

Keywords: News Processing, Al Jazeera Website, Al Arabiya Website, Al-Aqsa Flood, War on Gaza.

Political and Economic Determinants of Chancellor Bismarck’s Stance on the 1882 British Occupation of Egypt and Their Impact on Anglo-German Relations

Abdulmajeed Al Haj Ali, Alaa Kamel Saada — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract

Objectives: This research aims to study the position of German Chancellor Bismarck regarding Britain’s occupation of Egypt in 1882, exploring his motivations and the subsequent impact of this occupation on German foreign policy.

Methods: The study relies on a historical-analytical approach, utilizing primary sources, primarily documents from the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs (GP: Die Grosse Politik der europäischen Kabinette, 1871-1914), alongside recent German academic works on contemporary European history.

Results: The research reveals that Bismarck encouraged Britain’s occupation of Egypt based on political and economic considerations, following a strategy aimed at creating international points of conflict that Germany could later exploit. However, this policy proved to be ineffective, as Britain recognized Bismarck's strategy and used it to shift the responsibility of protecting the Black Sea from Russian expansion onto Germany.

Conclusions: Bismarck pursued a dual policy: supporting the intervention of the Ottoman Sultan to resolve the crisis on the one hand, and backing Britain’s occupation of Egypt on the other. However, this policy ultimately failed, negatively affecting Germany’s colonial ambitions and its relations with Britain.

The Rashidun Caliph Othman ibn A The Rashidun Caliph Othman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him): His Life and Accession to the Caliphate A Historical Study Based on Islamic Sources (23–35 AH)

Alaa K. Saadeh — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract

The Rashidun Caliph Othman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him): His Life and Accession to the Caliphate A Historical Study Based on Islamic Sources (23–35 AH)

This study investigates the accession of the Companion Othman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) to the caliphate in 23 AH, following the assassination of Caliph Omar ibn Alkhattab (may Allah be pleased with him). Drawing upon a range of early Islamic historical sources, the research analyzes and interprets the key narratives related to Othman selection as caliph. Special attention is given to the principle of (consultative decision-making), which was instituted by Omar during his final moments and served as the foundational mechanism for determining his successor.

The study is structured into an introduction and abstracts in both Arabic and English, followed by two principal chapters. The first chapter offers a comprehensive biographical account of Othman ibn Affan covering his name and lineage, kunya, titles, birth and upbringing, intellectual formation, and death. The second chapter addresses the central focus of the research: the process of his appointment as caliph in accordance with the principle of shura after the death of Omar ibn Alkhattab. The study concludes with a summary and a compiled list of primary sources and references.

Keywords: Othman ibn Affan Caliphate, ALmubaya'ah (Pledge of Allegiance), Islamic Historical Sources, Alshura

The Effect of Rhyme on the External Rhythmic Structure and Textual Semantics in the Diwan of Ibn Shuhayd al-Andalusi

Walaa Ibrahim Al-Shboul, Mohammad M. Al-Absi — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study aims to examine the effect of rhyme on the external rhythmic structure and textual semantics in the Diwan of Ibn Shuhayd al-Andalusi, considering rhyme a central structural element in shaping the external rhythmic structure of classical Arabic poetry and the semantic effects that extend beyond the individual verse to encompass the text as a whole. The study is grounded in the problematic relationship between phonetic structure and semantic structure, within a structuralist framework that views meaning as the result of the interaction of various linguistic levels within the text. It seeks to reveal the role of rhyme in constructing external rhythm on the one hand, and in directing textual meaning on the other, through an applied analysis of Ibn Shuhayd al-Andalusi’s poetry, which is characterized by notable variations in rhyme that allow for a clear examination of the phenomenon.

The study adopts a descriptive–analytical approach, supported by a statistical method when necessary, particularly in tracing open and restricted rhymes, following a brief theoretical introduction that defines the concept of rhyme and its terminological boundaries. The research is divided into three sections: the first examines rhyme as a means of achieving rhythmic unity in the poem; the second addresses the phenomenon of open and restricted rhymes and their effect on phonetic structure; while the third adopts an integrative approach to explore the interaction between rhyme, external rhythm, and textual semantics.

The findings indicate that rhyme in the poetry of Ibn Shuhayd al-Andalusi does not merely serve a formal musical function; rather, it plays an active role in constructing and stabilizing external rhythm, while simultaneously contributing to the direction of meaning and the establishment of semantic coherence among the verses and sections of the poem. The results further demonstrate that the selection and phonetic construction of rhyme are closely related to the semantic context of the text, confirming the presence of an interactive relationship between sound and meaning in shaping Andalusian poetic discourse.

Linguistic Refrain in the Poetry of Mihyar al-Daylami (Alṭṭyn wālṭṭynh) as a Model

Essa Elmasri — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Abstract

Top of Form

Objectives: This research aims to study the (linguistic refrain) as a pattern of disfavored repetition, clarifying its concept and distinguishing it from general repetition; it derives the characteristics that have made it an independent term with its own rules and representations; ultimately demonstrating the effect of this usage on two levels: semantic and semiotic, in the poetry of Muhyar al-Daylami (428 AH), exemplified by his excessive repetition of the word (Alṭṭyn wā lṭṭynh).

Methods: The research addresses its topic through two methodological approaches: one semantic, which clarifies the meanings, uses, and value of the word in poetic contexts; and the other semiotic, which uncovers the semiotic signs that the word structurally and culturally implies.
Results: The linguistic refrain shattered and defaced the word (Alṭṭyn wā lṭṭynh)., depriving it of its semantic value in the poetry of Muhyar al-Daylami. However, on the semiotic level, it revealed a striking belief-related connection between the poet and his religious sect; it created a religious poetic sign that dominated his inspiration, leading to frequent repetition.

Conclusions: Repetition has a special form called the linguistic refrain, which weakens and undermines poetry, causing words to be disliked and meanings to be rejected. Nevertheless, this form is not devoid of a cultural sign that justifies its use, at least from the poet’s perspective.

Textual Stylistics and Poetics, Objective Unity, and a Comparison between Ibn Abi Ishaq's (d. 1166AH) Book "Itbaq al-Atbaq" and Al-Zamakhshari's (d. 538AH) Book "Atwaq al-Dhahab": Selected Samples

Hussein A. H. Kittaneh, Ahmad R. F. Al-Sharman — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

ملخص

تتناول هذه الدراسة الانسجام والموازنة في كتابين نثريين إطباق الأطباق عند ابن أبي إسحاق وأطواق الذهب للزمخشري، مركّزة على نماذج مختارة كشفت عن ملامح الوحدة الموضوعية لكل منهما، وبيان وجوه التشابه والاختلاف بينهما من ناحية الدلالة، والأسلوب البياني، والتكرار وأثره الجمالي والدلالي، والإضافة النحوية، وتتشكل قصدية الخطاب النثري بميزة الوعظ والإرشاد، والتوجيه الأخلاقي، والحُجّة البلاغيّة والإبلاغية ببنية عالية رفيعة، وتخلص الدراسة إلى أهمية الانسجام النثري في إغناء الدلالة، وبيان رونقها عبر الأعصر.

The Fadili Epistle: A Thematic and Artistic Study

salameh alghareeb — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study examines The Fadili Epistle, composed by al-Qadi al-Faḍil as a proclamation voiced in the name of Sultan Ṣalāḥ al-Din al-Ayyubi, and addressed to the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad following the liberation of Jerusalem and the Muslims’ decisive victory at the celebrated Battle of Ḥattin in 583 AH. The study seeks to shed light on the thematic and artistic dimensions of the epistle, highlighting its portrayal of the triumph over the Franks. Particular emphasis is placed on the principle of expressing joy and exultation, as reflected in the epistle’s motifs of glad tidings and festivity. The epistle also reinforces the religious spirit by underscoring adherence to sound doctrine, the adoption of the necessary means to achieve victory, and the contrast it draws between true belief and the corrupted Frankish creed of the Trinity. In this, the epistle served to inspire the soldiers and prepare them psychologically for battle.

Methodology:

The research adopts a descriptive-analytical method to examine the text, identifying its thematic issues alongside its literary and artistic features.

Findings:

The study describes the atmosphere of joy and jubilation that swept through the Islamic world upon receiving this epistle of glad tidings, which congratulated the faithful on the victory and the liberation of Jerusalem. It also examines the text artistically in terms of its structure, language, style, and rhetorical embellishment.

Conclusion:

The research concludes that the epistle holds both historical and literary significance. On the one hand, it is a historical document attesting to the events of a specific period; on the other, it represents a distinguished example of artistic prose writing in the Ayyubid era.

"The Utilization of Artificial Intelligence in The Field of Cybersecurity Its Effectiveness in Combating Cybercrime and Predicting Future Cybercriminal Activities."

Mohammad A. Qerbaa, Salim A. Al-Qaisi — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study aimed to analyze the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of cybersecurity and its effectiveness in combating cybercrime and predicting future cybercrimes. The descriptive-analytical method was employed. A questionnaire consisting of 20 items was developed and its validity and reliability were verified before being distributed to a purposive sample of 60 employees from the Cybercrime Unit of the Public Security Directorate and the National Cybersecurity Center. The results indicated a high level of AI’s impact on combating cybercrime. They also revealed a positive correlation between the level of AI utilization in the Cybercrime Unit and the National Cybersecurity Center and its effectiveness in fighting cybercrime. Furthermore, the findings showed that employing AI techniques significantly contributed to predicting future cybercrimes, demonstrating a positive effect of AI implementation in cybersecurity on cybercrime forecasting. Based on these results, it is recommended to adopt a comprehensive national institutional strategy to enhance AI deployment in cybersecurity operations. This strategy should focus on continuously updating digital infrastructure, developing intelligent systems, integrating AI into daily operational processes, and establishing clear regulatory frameworks to ensure the safe and ethical use of these technologies within security institutions.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity, Cybercrime, Prediction, Cybercrimes

Environmental Performance Indicators from the Residents’ Perspective: A Case Study of Jerash Governorate

Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

objectives: This study seeks to assess environmental performance indicators in Jerash Governorate through a field study that analyzes residents' perspectives on various environmental indicators, which include waste management, air quality, water quality and sanitation, energy and sustainability, green spaces and urban planning, biodiversity and resource protection, and community participation and governance.

Methodology: The study utilized a descriptive–analytical method and a thoroughly validated scientific questionnaire, administered to a sample of 350 respondents representing the Jerash Governorate population in August, September, and October 2025. We implemented arithmetic means, standard deviations, and correlation coefficients to analyze the data and determine how the items were related to their domains.

Results: The findings indicated that the average total environmental performance score for Jerash Governorate was 3.07 which signifies a moderate assessment level of 61.4% on a five-point scale. This indicates an acceptable level of environmental awareness, but one that still requires improvement. Air quality ranked first with an average score of 3.41, followed by water quality and sanitation (3.34), energy and sustainability (3.18), and biodiversity (3.15). The lowest mean score was recorded for green spaces and urban planning (2.63).The study revealed no statistically significant differences (α ≤ 0.05) in residents' perceptions of environmental indicators based on demographic variables such as gender, age, marital status, level of education, income, profession, place of residence, housing type, housing ownership, participation in environmental activities, and family size.

Recommendations: The study suggests increasing environmental education and awareness in the Jerash Governorate through schools, scientific conferences, and various local environmental initiatives. It also recommends strengthening infrastructure for recycling and garbage management, the expanding of green spaces, and improving air quality through forestry initiatives. The study also emphasizes the importance of encouraging locals to actively participate in environmental decision-making and supporting community projects. Lastly, it emphasizes how crucial it is to incorporate environmental performance metrics into Jerash City's urban planning regulations.

The Sectarian Conflict between the Umayyad Caliph al-Naṣir and the Fatimid Shiʿa (300–350 AH / 913–960 CE)

Mousa A. bani Khaled — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study examines the sectarian conflict between Caliph al-Nasir of the Umayyads and the Fatimid Shia in Western Islam (300–350 AH/913–960 CE), analyzing religious and political factors behind their sectarian discourse. It explores how Sunni–Shia divisions affected political legitimacy and identity formation in Al-Andalus and the Maghrib.

The study employs a historical-analytical approach, reviewing primary sources such as chronicles, letters, sermons, and numismatic evidence from Umayyad and Fatimid sources. It also draws on modern scholarly works to clarify the conflict's intellectual and political contexts. The analysis emphasizes military and propaganda clashes in North Africa and Al-Andalus, comparing Sunni and Ismaili narratives to provide a balanced perspective.

The findings show that sectarian conflict was not merely religious but also a strategic effort to enhance political legitimacy. Abd al-Rahman al-Nasir’s declaration as Caliph in 316 AH / 929 CE and the construction of Madinat al-Zahra were responses to Fatimid claims of Aldi and Ismaili legitimacy. Both sides used sermons, coinages, and tribal alliances to bolster their authority. Military clashes in the Maghrib resulted in temporary Umayyad control of coastal areas, with Fatimid influence inland. After the Fatimids moved to Egypt in 358 AH / 969 CE, fighting lessened, but sectarian rivalry left a lasting impact on Al-Andalus.

The study reveals that the sectarian conflict between Caliph al-Nasir and the Fatimid Shia formed a pivotal aspect of the Islamic West's history, linking religious disagreements to political objectives. It supports the idea that sectarian differences can justify authority and shape foreign policy, while also helping to maintain internal unity in Al-Andalus against external threats. The study suggests ongoing analysis of propaganda texts to understand how sectarian agitation operates and considers how intellectual differences can be leveraged as opportunities for coexistence rather than conflict.

The Specificity of the Place in the Pre-Islamic Poetry: Tabala Model

Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The Specificity of the Place in the Pre-Islamic Poetry: Tabala Model

This research seeks to reveal the presence of Tabala in pre-Islamic poetry as a special place in poetic memory, and to try to trace what is left of its mention, and to show its symbolic and aesthetic connotations associated with the perception of the pre-Islamic individual of the place.

The research adopts the descriptive analytical method along with the anthropological approach, while evoking the legendary method to look at the higher models, such as rain, antelope and talo, that are repeated in the Tabala space; to understand its specificity.

The research is divided into an introduction and three sections: the first section focuses on ignorance in ignorant memory, the second on its presence in its symbolic framework, and the last shows its privacy in the lamyh of Obaid bin Al-Abas.

The results show that Tabala represents a sacred cultural space, preserves tribal memory, embodies the symbols of motherhood, fertility and symbolic rituals, and reflects the struggle of individual with destiny and their relationship with place and nature.

The Leadership (Imamate) According to al-Juwayni in his Book Ghiyath al-Umam fi Iltiyath al-Zulam

Khader Eid Al-Sarhan Eid Al-Sarhan, Ghadeer Alqudah — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study examines the concept of Imamah in the thought of Imam al-Juwayni through his book Ghayath al-Umam fi Iltiyath al-Zulam, as one of the most important sources in the formation of Sunni political theory in the fifth century Hijri, within the context of the weakening of the Abbasid Caliphate and the rise of regional powers. The study aims to clarify the religious and intellectual foundations upon which al-Juwayni constructed his conception of Imamah, in terms of the conditions of the Imam, the methods of establishing the Imamah, the limits of his authority, as well as his position on the deposition of the Imam and rebellion against him. The research adopts a historical-analytical approach by examining al-Juwayni’s original texts and comparing them with the views of leading scholars of Islamic political jurisprudence before him. The study concludes that al-Juwayni presented a balanced conception that combines commitment to religious legitimacy with the requirements of political stability through his rejection of political vacuum and his formulation of precise regulations for deposing the Imam, which makes his theory of Imamah an advanced stage in the development of Islamic political thought.

The Impact of Awareness Workshops and Dialogue Sessions in Raising Social Awareness among Jordanian Youth

Ahmad Alfraheed, Nayef A. K. Al-Banawi — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of (awareness workshops and dialogue sessions) in raising social awareness among Jordanian youth. The study employed a mixed-methods approach (quantitative and qualitative); a questionnaire was administered to a sample of 350 male and female students participating in the center's programs. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted to support the interpretation of the quantitative results. The results showed that the programs were generally highly effective, with interactive activities being particularly successful. Furthermore, students' social awareness increased, especially in the areas of values related to dialogue and the rejection of hate speech. The results also indicated significant differences in some dimensions based on demographic variables.

al Rahba Al-Soudi

Abdelaziz Hweidy, Mohammed Wahib, Muhannad Suleiman — Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Rahbet Al-Soudi is a significant site of the Wadi al-Aqib, within the northern Jordanian Badia, due to its richness in cultural, social, and archeological elements. The study’s importance lies in understanding the presence of pastoral communities and their Bedouin identity through past investigations. Therefore, the study aims to document and analyze the evolution of settlement patterns, livelihood methods, and ecosystem at the site during the sequential historical periods, utilizing field survey and an ethno– archaeological– architectural study, as well as qualitative interviews with the local community. The findings reveal that the site represents a unique model of continuous human settlement in an arid environment, as well as a continuous pastoral culture over time, based on the locally available environment and useful resources available, climate, water resources, and natural terrain for sustainable habitation. The study recommends preserving the site’s architectural, archaeological, and cultural integrity and its integration into sustainable development and cultural heritage programs.